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openSUSE Leap Documentation › Virtualization Guide › Introduction › Installation of Virtualization Components
ContentsContents
Virtualization Guide
  1. About This Manual
  2. I Introduction
    1. 1 Virtualization Technology
    2. 2 Introduction to Xen Virtualization
    3. 3 Introduction to KVM Virtualization
    4. 4 Introduction to Linux Containers
    5. 5 Virtualization Tools
    6. 6 Installation of Virtualization Components
  3. II Managing Virtual Machines with libvirt
    1. 7 Starting and Stopping libvirtd
    2. 8 Guest Installation
    3. 9 Basic VM Guest Management
    4. 10 Connecting and Authorizing
    5. 11 Managing Storage
    6. 12 Managing Networks
    7. 13 Configuring Virtual Machines
  4. III Hypervisor-Independent Features
    1. 14 Disk Cache Modes
    2. 15 VM Guest Clock Settings
    3. 16 libguestfs
  5. IV Managing Virtual Machines with Xen
    1. 17 Setting Up a Virtual Machine Host
    2. 18 Virtual Networking
    3. 19 Managing a Virtualization Environment
    4. 20 Block Devices in Xen
    5. 21 Virtualization: Configuration Options and Settings
    6. 22 Administrative Tasks
    7. 23 XenStore: Configuration Database Shared between Domains
    8. 24 Xen as a High-Availability Virtualization Host
  6. V Managing Virtual Machines with QEMU
    1. 25 QEMU Overview
    2. 26 Setting Up a KVM VM Host Server
    3. 27 Guest Installation
    4. 28 Running Virtual Machines with qemu-system-ARCH
    5. 29 Virtual Machine Administration Using QEMU Monitor
  7. VI Managing Virtual Machines with LXC
    1. 30 Linux Containers
    2. 31 Migration from LXC to libvirt-lxc
  8. Glossary
  9. A Appendix
  10. B XM, XL Toolstacks and Libvirt framework
  11. C GNU Licenses
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6 Installation of Virtualization Components

6.1 Installing KVM
6.2 Installing Xen
6.3 Installing Containers
6.4 Patterns
6.5 Installing UEFI Support

None of the virtualization tools is installed by default.

6.1 Installing KVM

To install KVM and KVM tools, proceed as follows:

  1. Start YaST and choose Virtualization › Install Hypervisor and Tools.

  2. Select KVM server for a minimal installation of QEMU tools. Select KVM tools if a libvirt-based management stack is also desired. Confirm with Accept.

  3. To enable normal networking for the VM Guest, using a network bridge is recommended. YaST offers to automatically configure a bridge on the VM Host Server. Agree to do so by choosing Yes, otherwise choose No.

  4. After the setup has been finished, you can start setting up VM Guests. Rebooting the VM Host Server is not required.

6.2 Installing Xen

To install Xen and Xen tools, proceed as follows:

  1. Start YaST and choose Virtualization › Install Hypervisor and Tools.

  2. Select Xen server for a minimal installation of Xen tools. Select Xen tools if a libvirt-based management stack is also desired. Confirm with Accept.

  3. To enable normal networking for the VM Guest, using a network bridge is recommended. YaST offers to automatically configure a bridge on the VM Host Server. Agree to do so by choosing Yes, otherwise choose No.

  4. After the setup has been finished, you need to reboot the machine with the Xen kernel.

    Tip
    Tip: Default Boot Kernel

    If everything works as expected, change the default boot kernel with YaST and make the Xen-enabled kernel the default. For more information about changing the default kernel, see Book “Reference”, Chapter 12 “The Boot Loader GRUB 2”, Section 12.3 “Configuring the Boot Loader with YaST”.

6.3 Installing Containers

To install containers, proceed as follows:

  1. Start YaST and choose Virtualization › Install Hypervisor and Tools.

  2. Select libvirt lxc daemon and confirm with Accept.

6.4 Patterns

It is possible using Zypper and patterns to install virtualization packages. Run the command zypper in -t pattern PATTERN. Available patterns are:

KVM

  • kvm_server: sets up the KVM VM Host Server with QEMU tools for management

  • kvm_tools: installs the libvirt tools for managing and monitoring VM Guests

Xen

  • xen_server: sets up the Xen VM Host Server with Xen tools for management

  • xen_tools: installs the libvirt tools for managing and monitoring VM Guests

Containers

There is no pattern for containers; install the libvirt-daemon-lxc package.

6.5 Installing UEFI Support

UEFI support is provided by OVMF (Open Virtual Machine Firmware). To enable UEFI boot, first install the qemu-ovmf-x86_64 or qemu-uefi-aarch64 package.

libvirt is configured using /usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-ms-4m-code.bin and /usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-ms-4m-vars.bin as default UEFI firmware and VARS images. For ARM the defaults are /usr/share/qemu/aavmf-aarch64-code.bin and /usr/share/qemu/aavmf-aarch64-vars.bin.

The packages contain the following files: 

root # rpm -ql qemu-ovmf-x86_64
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-ms-code.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-ms-vars.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-ms.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-opensuse-code.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-opensuse-vars.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-opensuse.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-suse-code.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-suse-vars.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-suse.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-code.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-vars.bin
/usr/share/qemu/ovmf-x86_64.bin

The *-code.bin files are the UEFI firmwares. The *-vars.bin files are corresponding variable store images that can be used as a template for per-VM non-volatile store. libvirt copies the specified vars template to a per-VM path under /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/ when first creating the VM. Files without code or vars in the name can be used as a single UEFI image. They are not as useful since no UEFI variables persist across power cycles of the VM.

The *-ms*.bin files contain Microsoft keys as found on real hardware. Therefore, they are configured as default in libvirt. Likewise, the *-suse*.bin files contain preinstalled SUSE and openSUSE keys. There is also a set of files with no preinstalled keys.

For details, see Using UEFI and Secure Boot and http://www.linux-kvm.org/downloads/lersek/ovmf-whitepaper-c770f8c.txt.

→Part II Managing Virtual Machines with libvirt←Chapter 5 Virtualization Tools
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