Troubleshooting | Start-Up | openSUSE Leap 15.6

Start-Up › Installation › Troubleshooting

Applies to openSUSE Leap 15.6

4 Troubleshooting #Edit source

Abstract#

This section covers several common installation problems and describes possible solutions.

4.1 Checking media
4.2 No bootable drive available
4.3 Booting from installation media fails
4.4 Boot failure
4.5 Graphical installer fails to start
4.6 Only minimal boot screen is displayed

4.1 Checking media #Edit source

If you encounter any problems using the openSUSE Leap installation media, check its integrity. Boot from the media and choose More › Check Installation Media from the boot menu. A minimal system boots and lets you choose which device to check. Select the respective device and confirm with OK to perform the check.

On a running system, start YaST and choose Software › Media Check. Insert the medium and click Start Check. The integrity check may take time.

If errors are detected during the check, do not use this medium for installation. Media problems may, for example, occur when having burned the medium on DVD yourself. Burning the media at a low speed (4x) helps to avoid problems.

4.2 No bootable drive available #Edit source

If your computer cannot boot from USB or DVD drive, you have several alternatives.

Using an external USB flash drive or DVD drive: Linux supports most existing USB flash drives and DVD drives. If the system has no USB flash drive or DVD drive, it is still possible that an external drive, connected through USB, FireWire, or SCSI, can be used to boot the system. Sometimes a firmware update may help if you encounter problems.
Network boot via PXE: If the machine lacks both a USB flash drive and DVD drive, but it has a working Ethernet connection, you can perform a network-based installation.
USB flash drive: You can use a USB flash drive if the machine lacks a DVD drive and a network connection.

4.3 Booting from installation media fails #Edit source

The machine may fail to boot from the installation media due to an incorrect boot sequence setting in BIOS. The USB flash drive or DVD drive must be set as the first boot device in the BIOS boot sequence.

Procedure 4.1: Changing the BIOS boot sequence #

Enter the BIOS using the proper key shown by the boot routines and wait for the BIOS screen to appear.
To change the boot sequence in an AWARD BIOS, look for the BIOS FEATURES SETUP entry. Other manufacturers may have a different name for this, such as ADVANCED CMOS SETUP. When you have found the entry, select it and confirm with Enter.
Look for a subentry called BOOT SEQUENCE or BOOT ORDER. Change the settings by pressing Page ↑ or Page ↓ until the USB flash drive or DVD drive is listed first.
Exit the BIOS setup screen by pressing Esc. To save the changes, select SAVE & EXIT SETUP, or press F10. To save the modified settings, press Y.

Procedure 4.2: Changing the boot sequence in an SCSI BIOS (Adaptec host adapter) #

Open the setup by pressing Ctrl–A.
Select Disk Utilities. The connected hardware components are now displayed.
Make note of the SCSI ID of your USB flash drive or DVD drive.
Exit the menu with Esc.
Open Configure Adapter Settings. Under Additional Options, select Boot Device Options and press Enter.
Enter the ID of the USB flash drive or DVD drive and press Enter again.
Press Esc twice to return to the start screen of the SCSI BIOS.
Exit this screen and confirm with Yes to boot the computer.

Regardless of what language and keyboard layout the installed system will be using, most BIOS configurations use the US keyboard layout as shown below.

Figure 4.1: US keyboard layout #

4.4 Boot failure #Edit source

Some hardware types, mainly very old or very recent ones, fail to boot. Reasons can be missing support for hardware in the installation kernel or drivers causing problems on some specific hardware.

If installation fails using the standard Installation mode, try the following.

With the installation media still in the drive, reboot the machine with Ctrl–Alt–Del or using the hardware reset button.
When the boot screen appears, press F5, use the arrow keyboard keys to navigate to No ACPI, and press Enter to boot and initiate the installation process. This option disables the support for ACPI power management techniques.
Proceed with the installation as described in Chapter 3, Installation steps.

If this fails, proceed as above, but choose Safe Settings instead. This option disables ACPI and DMA support. This option works with most hardware.

If both options fail, use the boot parameters prompt to specify the kernel parameters to enable support for the hardware in use. For more information about the parameters available as boot parameters, refer to the kernel documentation located in /usr/src/linux/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt.

Tip: Obtaining kernel documentation

Install the kernel-source package to view the kernel documentation.

There are other ACPI-related kernel parameters that can be entered at the boot prompt prior to booting for installation:

acpi=off: This parameter disables the complete ACPI subsystem on your computer. This may be useful if your computer cannot handle ACPI or if you think ACPI in your computer causes trouble.
acpi=force: Always enable ACPI even if your computer has a BIOS released before 2000. This parameter also enables ACPI if it is set in addition to acpi=off.
acpi=noirq: Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing.
acpi=ht: Run only enough ACPI to enable hyper-threading.
acpi=strict: Be less tolerant of platforms that are not strictly ACPI-compliant.
pci=noacpi: Disable PCI IRQ routing of the new ACPI system.
pnpacpi=off: Enable this option to avoid issues caused by incorrectly configured device resources in BIOS.
notsc: Disable the time stamp counter. This option can be used to work around timing problems on your systems. It is a recent feature, so if you see regressions on your machine, especially time related or even total hangs, this option is worth a try.
nohz=off: Disable the nohz feature. If your machine hangs, enabling this option may help.

When you have determined the right parameter combination, YaST automatically writes them to the boot loader configuration to make sure that the system boots properly next time.

If errors occur when the kernel is loaded or during the installation, select Memory Test in the boot menu to check the memory. If Memory Test returns an error, this usually indicates a hardware error.

4.5 Graphical installer fails to start #Edit source

The machine boots into the installation interface, and the graphical installer does not start when you select Installation.

There are several ways to deal with this situation.

Select another screen resolution for the installation dialogs.
Select Text Mode for installation.
Perform a remote installation via VNC using the graphical installer.

Procedure 4.3: Change screen resolution for installation #

Boot for installation.
Press F3 to open a menu from which to select a lower resolution for installation purposes.
Select Installation and proceed with the installation as described in Chapter 3, Installation steps.

Procedure 4.4: Installation in text mode #

Boot for installation.
Press F3 and select Text Mode.
Select Installation and proceed with the installation as described in Chapter 3, Installation steps.

Procedure 4.5: VNC installation #

Boot for installation.
Enter the following text at the boot parameters prompt:
```
vnc=1 vncpassword=SOME_PASSWORD
```
Replace SOME_PASSWORD with the password to use for VNC installation.
Select Installation then press Enter to start the installation.
Instead of starting right into the graphical installation routine, the system continues to run in a text mode. The system then halts, displaying a message containing the IP address and port number at which the installer can be reached via a browser interface or a VNC viewer application.
When using a browser to access the installer, launch the browser and enter the address information provided by the installation routines on the future openSUSE Leap machine and press Enter:
```
http://IP_ADDRESS_OF_MACHINE:5801
```
A dialog opens in the browser window prompting you for the VNC password. Enter it and proceed with the installation as described in Chapter 3, Installation steps.
Important: Cross-platform support
Installation via VNC works with any browser under any operating system, provided Java support is enabled.
Provide the IP address and password to your VNC viewer when prompted. A window opens, displaying the installation dialogs. Proceed with the installation as usual.

4.6 Only minimal boot screen is displayed #Edit source

You inserted the medium into the drive, the BIOS routines are finished, and the system launches a minimal, text-based interface. This may happen on any machine that does not have sufficient graphics memory for rendering a graphical boot screen.

Although the text boot screen looks minimal, it provides nearly the same functionality as the graphical one.

Boot options: Unlike the graphical interface, the different boot parameters cannot be selected using the cursor keys of your keyboard. The boot menu of the text-mode boot screen provides keywords that can be entered at the boot prompt. These keywords match the options in the graphical version. Enter your choice and press Enter to launch the boot process.
Custom boot options: After selecting a boot parameter, enter the appropriate keyword at the boot prompt or enter some custom boot parameters as described in Section 4.4, “Boot failure”. To launch the installation process, press Enter.
Screen resolutions: Use the function keys (F1 ... F12) to determine the screen resolution for installation. If you need to boot in text mode, choose F3.

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